Contents

• Ch. 1. Introduction. Social Movement Theory. Political Opportunity Structure and Civil Rights. Relative Openness of the American Political System. Divisions in Elite Alignments. New Allies. Repression of and Violence against African Americans. Mobilization, Framing, and U.S. Civil Rights
• Ch. 2. Mobilizing and Utilizing International Pressure: A Strategy of U.S. Civil Rights Leaders. The International Context of America’s Race Problem: A Historical Perspective. W. E. B. DuBois: An Early Crusader. The War Years: The Beginning of U.S. Vulnerability. A Philip Randolph and the March on Washington. After the War. The Emergence of the United Nations. Petitions to the United Nations. The Whole World Is Watching. Segregation and Military Service. The Paul Robeson Challenge. The Bandung Conference: The Historical Emergence of 1.4 Billion People of Color
• Ch. 3. Civil Rights Commissions: A Vehicle of Government Response to International Pressure. The 1947 Civil Rights Committee. Congressional Hearings and the International Implications of Racism. The 1957 Civil Rights Commission
• Ch. 4. International Pressure and the State’s Response to Racial Segregation. Segregation, Foreign Policy, and the Supreme Court: 1948-53. Brown v. Board of Education, 1954. Southern Defiance. The Autherine Lucy Case. The Little Rock Crisis. Diplomatic Embarrassments: Segregation "Fiascoes" Involving Foreign Dignitaries and Foreign Students
• Ch. 5. Conclusion. Implications of This Study. A Final Thought