Week 2: Restraint Systems, Firearms
Restraint Systems:
A variety of approaches are used to restrain prisoners in differing situations, including metal handcuffs and ankle shackles (and combinations of the two), nonmetallic handcuffs, belt/handcuff combinations, and belts with built-in stun technology
Firearms:
As one means to neutralize lethal threats, law enforcement officers carry firearms as standard equipment. Also, firearms are employed in limited situations in correctional settings. Officers count on the reliability of their firearms (primarily autoloading pistols and shotguns) as well as their ammunition and holsters to perform when called into use.
Office of Justice Programs and the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. (2001). A resource guide to law enforcement, corrections, and forensic technologies (pp. 1-95) (United States, Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs and Office of Community Oriented Policing Services). Washington, DC: COPS: Community Oriented Policing Services.
Readings: Restraint Systems
Required Reading
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ConnorConnor, G. (2008). Handcuffing: Practical procedures and tactical tips. American Jails, 22(4), 65-66.
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ReayReay, D. T. (1996). Suspect restraint and sudden death. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, 65(5), 22.
In the News:
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FuoccoFuoco, M. A. (2005, Oct 09). Police are now trained on positional asphyxia: The position of Jonny Gammage's body, face down combined with pressure on his back and neck from officers trying to handcuff him left him unable to breath. Pittsburgh Post - Gazette Retrieved from http://libproxy.plymouth.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/390839846?accountid=3778
Recommended Reading
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ReayReay, D. T., Fligner, C. L., Stilwell, A. D., & Arnold, J. (1992). Positional asphyxia during law enforcement transport. The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, 13(2), 90-97. doi:10.1097/00000433-199206000-00002
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KleinigKleinig, J. (2014). Legitimate and illegitimate uses of police Force. Criminal Justice Ethics, 33(2), 83-103.
Legal Case
Readings: Firearms
Required Reading
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TufnellTufnell, N. (2014, May 23). Smart guns: How smart are they? Retrieved from http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-27520267
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SchweitSchweit, K. W. (2013, May 7). Addressing the problem of the active shooter. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin Retrieved from: https://leb.fbi.gov/2013/may/addressing-the-problem-of-the-active-shooter/view
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GreeneGreene, M. (2013). A perspective on risk, reliability, and person-centric technologies. In National Institute of Justice research report: A review of gun safety technologies (pp. 19-28). Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs (Rep. No. NCJ 242500). [15 minutes]
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KristofKristof, N. (2015, Jan 18). Smart guns save lives. so where are they? New York Times Retrieved from http://libproxy.plymouth.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1646362259?accountid=3778
In the News:
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HolmesHolmes, S. M. (1995, Apr 17). Smart guns' won't work for bad guys. Pittsburgh Post - Gazette Retrieved from http://libproxy.plymouth.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/391815644?accountid=3778
Recommended Reading
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AdeeAdee, S. (2015). Guns that fire only for you. New Scientist, 227(3038), 25.
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SchechterSchechter, E. (2015). Unlocking safer guns. Scientific American, 313(4), 24.
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United States Department of JusticeUnited States Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice. (n.d.). Gun safety technology.
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AllenbyAllenby, B. R. (2014). Are new technologies undermining the laws of war? Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 70(1), 21-31. doi:10.1177/0096340213516741
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Smart TechSmart Tech Challenges Foundation. (2015). Gun technology. Retrieved from https://smarttechfoundation.org/technology-innovators/
Legal Case
Week 2: Videos
New York Police Department, Video Production Unit (Director). (2015, September 11). Positional asphyxia 2003 [Video file]. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/YFmGaiMYZKk
