Communications Interoperability:
Abundant anecdotal evidence shows that units from two or more law enforcement agencies engaged in a joint operation (such as a high-speed pursuit) frequently cannot communicate directly with each other. This inability to communicate may result from the use of different radio frequencies, varying and proprietary protocols or system architectures, or operational constraints. A variety of technologies are now available to help resolve this problem.
Office of Justice Programs and the Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. (2001). A resource guide to law enforcement, corrections, and forensic technologies (pp. 1-95) (United States, Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs and Office of Community Oriented Policing Services). Washington, DC: COPS: Community Oriented Policing Services.